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DBMS > 4D vs. BigchainDB vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. BigchainDB vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonBigchainDB  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemBigchainDB is scalable blockchain database offering decentralization, immutability and native assetsWell established RDBMSElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.79
Rank#212  Overall
#36  Document stores
Score4.11
Rank#81  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score4.64
Rank#71  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.bigchaindb.comwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.timescale.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.combigchaindb.readthedocs.io/­en/­latestdocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.timescale.com
Developer4D, IncActian CorporationMicrosoftTimescale
Initial release198420161974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s20162017
Current releasev20, April 202311.2, May 20222.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL v3commercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languagePythonCC++C
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availablenoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyesyesyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
CLI Client
RESTful HTTP API
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesTransact SQLuser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersyesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardinghorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslySharding, horizontal partitioningyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factorIngres ReplicatoryesSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes,with MongoDB ord RethinkDByesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionBigchainDBIngresMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseTimescaleDB
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