DBMS > 4D vs. BigchainDB vs. HugeGraph vs. Oracle vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. BigchainDB vs. HugeGraph vs. Oracle vs. TigerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

BigchainDB is scalable blockchain database offering decentralization, immutability and native assets

A fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMS

Widely used RDBMS

A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.79
Rank	#212	Overall
	#36	Document stores

Score	0.13
Rank	#336	Overall
	#32	Graph DBMS

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	1.83
Rank	#139	Overall
	#13	Graph DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.bigchaindb.com

github.com/hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org

www.oracle.com/database

www.tigergraph.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

bigchaindb.readthedocs.io/en/latest

hugegraph.apache.org/docs

docs.oracle.com/en/database

docs.tigergraph.com

Developer

4D, Inc

Baidu

Oracle

Initial release

1984

2016

2018

1980

2017

Current release

v20, April 2023

0.9

23c, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

AGPL v3

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Python

Java

C and C++

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

Linux
macOS
Unix

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

also supports composite index and range index

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL-like query language (GSQL)

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

CLI Client
RESTful HTTP API

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

Groovy
Java
Python

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

asynchronous Gremlin script jobs

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

selectable replication factor

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

via hugegraph-spark

can be realized in PL/SQL

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

edges in graph

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes,with MongoDB ord RethinkDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes

Users, roles and permissions

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

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