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DBMS > 4D vs. BaseX vs. LevelDB vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. BaseX vs. LevelDB vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft SQL Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonBaseX  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemLight-weight Native XML DBMS with support for XQuery 3.0 and interactive GUI.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptMicrosofts flagship relational DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSNative XML DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.73
Rank#142  Overall
#4  Native XML DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.combasex.orggithub.com/­google/­leveldbgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.basex.orggithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-server
Developer4D, IncBaseX GmbHGoogleGoogleMicrosoft
Initial release19842007201120141989
Current releasev20, April 202310.7, August 20231.23, February 20212.1.12, February 2017SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSD licenseOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++JavaScriptC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariLinux
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infoXQuery supports typesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nonoSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTXQ
WebDAV
XML:DB
XQJ
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Actionscript
C
C#
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Rebol
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
JavaScriptC#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesnonoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java
Triggersyesyes infovia eventsnoUsing read-only observersyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenonenonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnonenonenoneyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDmultiple readers, single writernoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infousing MemoryDByes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsUsers with fine-grained authorization concept on 4 levelsnonofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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Related products and services
3rd partiesNavicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for SQL Server and many other database management systems.
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Navicat for SQL Server gives you a fully graphical approach to database management and development.
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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionBaseXLevelDBLovefieldMicrosoft SQL Server
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