DBMS > 4D vs. ArcadeDB vs. Ingres vs. ITTIA

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. ArcadeDB vs. Ingres vs. ITTIA

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Fast and scalable multi-model DBMS, originally forked from OrientDB but most of the code has been rewritten

Well established RDBMS

Edge Time Series DBMS with Real-Time Stream Processing

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Time Series DBMS

in next version

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.10
Rank	#358	Overall
	#48	Document stores
	#38	Graph DBMS
	#52	Key-value stores
	#35	Time Series DBMS

Score	3.80
Rank	#82	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	0.44
Rank	#267	Overall
	#23	Time Series DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

arcadedb.com

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

www.ittia.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.arcadedb.com

docs.actian.com/ingres

Developer

4D, Inc

Arcade Data

Actian Corporation

ITTIA L.L.C.

Initial release

1984

2021

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2007

Current release

v20, April 2023

September 2021

11.2, May 2022

8.7

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Fixed schema

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Float/Blob/Integer/String/Unicode/Date/Time/Timestamp/Interval

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language, no joins

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
MongoDB API
OpenCypher
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Redis API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
TinkerPop Gremlin

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Java

C
C++
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Source-replica replication

Ingres Replicator

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationship in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Database file passwords

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
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