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DBMS > 4D vs. ArangoDB vs. DuckDB vs. HarperDB vs. RethinkDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. ArangoDB vs. DuckDB vs. HarperDB vs. RethinkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonArangoDB  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonHarperDB  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemNative multi-model DBMS for graph, document, key/value and search. All in one engine and accessible with one query language.An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSUltra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.DBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Search engine
Relational DBMSDocument storeDocument store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.32
Rank#90  Overall
#15  Document stores
#5  Graph DBMS
#12  Key-value stores
#10  Search engines
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score0.55
Rank#248  Overall
#38  Document stores
Score2.74
Rank#105  Overall
#19  Document stores
Websitewww.4d.comarangodb.comduckdb.orgwww.harperdb.iorethinkdb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.arangodb.comduckdb.org/­docsdocs.harperdb.io/­docsrethinkdb.com/­docs
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterFacebookYouTubeInstagram
Developer4D, IncArangoDB Inc.HarperDBThe Linux Foundation infosince July 2017
Initial release19842012201820172009
Current releasev20, April 20233.11.5, November 20230.10, February 20243.1, August 20212.4.1, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; Commercial license (Enterprise) availableOpen Source infoMIT Licensecommercial infofree community edition availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
ArangoDB Cloud –The Managed Cloud Service of ArangoDB. Provides fully managed, and monitored cluster deployments of any size, with enterprise-grade security. Get started for free and continue for as little as $0,21/hour.
Implementation languageC++C++Node.jsC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
server-lessLinux
OS X
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infoautomatically recognizes schema within a collectionyesdynamic schemaschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infostring, double, boolean, list, hashyesyes infoJSON data typesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometry
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyesSQL-like data manipulation statementsno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
AQL
Foxx Framework
Graph API (Gremlin)
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Java & SpringData
JSON style queries
VelocyPack/VelocyStream
Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Rust
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJavaScriptnoCustom Functions infosince release 3.1
TriggersyesnononoClient-side triggers through changefeeds
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infosince version 2.0noneA table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a clusterSharding inforange based
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication with configurable replication factornoneyes infothe nodes on which a table resides can be definedSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono infocan be done with stored procedures in JavaScriptnonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoconfigurable per collection or per write
Immediate Consistency
OneShard (highly available, fault-tolerant deployment mode with ACID semantics)
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes inforelationships in graphsnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDAtomic execution of specific operationsAtomic single-document operations
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes infoMVCC based
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, using LMDByes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsyesnoAccess rights for users and rolesyes infousers and table-level permissions
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionArangoDBDuckDBHarperDBRethinkDB
Specific characteristicsGraph and Beyond. With more than 11,000 stargazers on GitHub, ArangoDB is the leading...
» more
Competitive advantagesConsolidation: As a native multi-model database, can be used as a full blown document...
» more
Typical application scenariosNative multi-model in ArangoDB is being used for a broad range of projects across...
» more
Key customersCisco, Barclays, Refinitive, Siemens Mentor, Kabbage, Liaison, Douglas, MakeMyTrip,...
» more
Market metricsArangoDB is the leading native multi-model database with over 11,000 stargazers on...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsVery permissive Apache 2 License for Community Edition & commercial licenses are...
» more

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionArangoDBDuckDBHarperDBRethinkDB
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