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DBMS > 4D vs. ArangoDB vs. CockroachDB vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. ArangoDB vs. CockroachDB vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonArangoDB  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemNative multi-model DBMS for graph, document, key/value and search. All in one engine and accessible with one query language.CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Search engine
Relational DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.77
Rank#87  Overall
#15  Document stores
#5  Graph DBMS
#12  Key-value stores
#10  Search engines
Score6.10
Rank#58  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comarangodb.comwww.cockroachlabs.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.arangodb.comwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docs
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterFacebookYouTubeInstagram
Developer4D, IncArangoDB Inc.Cockroach Labs8Kdata
Initial release1984201220152016
Current releasev20, April 20233.11.5, November 202323.1.1, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; Commercial license (Enterprise) availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++GoJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesschema-free infoautomatically recognizes schema within a collectiondynamic schemaschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infostring, double, boolean, list, hashyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
AQL
Foxx Framework
Graph API (Gremlin)
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Java & SpringData
JSON style queries
VelocyPack/VelocyStream
JDBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Rust
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJavaScriptno
Triggersyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infosince version 2.0horizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication with configurable replication factorMulti-source replication using RAFTSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono infocan be done with stored procedures in JavaScriptno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoconfigurable per collection or per write
Immediate Consistency
OneShard (highly available, fault-tolerant deployment mode with ACID semantics)
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes inforelationships in graphsyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsyesRole-based access controlAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionArangoDBCockroachDBToroDB
Specific characteristicsGraph and Beyond. With more than 11,000 stargazers on GitHub, ArangoDB is the leading...
» more
Competitive advantagesConsolidation: As a native multi-model database, can be used as a full blown document...
» more
Typical application scenariosNative multi-model in ArangoDB is being used for a broad range of projects across...
» more
Key customersCisco, Barclays, Refinitive, Siemens Mentor, Kabbage, Liaison, Douglas, MakeMyTrip,...
» more
Market metricsArangoDB is the leading native multi-model database with over 11,000 stargazers on...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsVery permissive Apache 2 License for Community Edition & commercial licenses are...
» more

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionArangoDBCockroachDBToroDB
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