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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Pinot vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. Oracle Rdb vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Pinot vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. Oracle Rdb vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Pinot  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Firestore  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Rdb  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemRealtime distributed OLAP datastore, designed to answer OLAP queries with low latencyCloud Firestore is an auto-scaling document database for storing, syncing, and querying data for mobile and web apps. It offers seamless integration with other Firebase and Google Cloud Platform products.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.40
Rank#270  Overall
#125  Relational DBMS
Score7.85
Rank#51  Overall
#8  Document stores
Score1.08
Rank#184  Overall
#85  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.compinot.apache.orgfirebase.google.com/­products/­firestorewww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb.htmlwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.pinot.apache.orgfirebase.google.com/­docs/­firestorewww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb-doc.htmlwww.postgresql.org/­docs
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation and contributorsGoogleOracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release19842015201719841989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current releasev20, April 20231.0.0, September 20237.4.1.1, 202116.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java JDK11 or higherhostedHP Open VMSFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query languagenoyesyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBCAndroid
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Go
Java
Python
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes, Firebase Rules & Cloud Functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyesyes, with Cloud Functionsyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioningShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoUsing Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyesyes, on a single nodeACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management. Security Rules for 3rd party authentication using Firebase Auth.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache PinotGoogle Cloud FirestoreOracle RdbPostgreSQL
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