DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Kylin vs. Apache Phoenix vs. Immudb vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Kylin vs. Apache Phoenix vs. Immudb vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A distributed analytics engine for big data, providing a SQL interface and multi-dimensional analysis (OLAP) and leveraging the Hadoop stack

A scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBase

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Document store

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.18
Rank	#172	Overall
	#79	Relational DBMS

Score	1.97
Rank	#126	Overall
	#59	Relational DBMS

Score	0.24
Rank	#305	Overall
	#43	Key-value stores

Website

www.4d.com

kylin.apache.org

phoenix.apache.org

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

kylin.apache.org/docs

phoenix.apache.org

docs.immudb.io

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation, originally contributed from eBay Inc

Apache Software Foundation

Codenotary

8Kdata

Initial release

1984

2015

2014

2020

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

3.1.0, July 2020

5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019

1.2.3, April 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

Linux
Unix
Windows

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

ANSI SQL for queries (using Apache Calcite)

yes

SQL-like syntax

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancy

Access rights for users and roles

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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Cloudera's HBase PaaS offering now supports Complex Transactions
11 August 2021, Krishna Maheshwari (sponsor)

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Recent citations in the news

Overhauling Apache Kylin for the cloud
18 November 2021, InfoWorld

eBay's Kylin Becomes a Top-Level Apache Open Source Project
9 December 2015, eBay Inc.

The Apache Software Foundation Announces Apache™ Kylin™ as a Top-Level Project
8 December 2015, GlobeNewswire

Distributed OLAPer Kyligence accelerates core engine, adds real-time data support – Blocks and Files
10 August 2021, Blocks & Files

Bringing interactive BI to big data – O'Reilly
1 May 2017, O'Reilly Media

provided by Google News

Supercharge SQL on Your Data in Apache HBase with Apache Phoenix | Amazon Web Services
2 June 2016, AWS Blog

Azure #HDInsight Apache Phoenix now supports Zeppelin
16 August 2018, Microsoft

Bridge the SQL-NoSQL gap with Apache Phoenix
4 February 2016, InfoWorld

Apache Calcite, FreeMarker, Gora, Phoenix, and Solr updated
27 March 2017, SDTimes.com

Azure HDInsight Analytics Platform Now Supports Apache Hadoop 3.0
18 April 2019, eWeek

provided by Google News

Codenotary brings its immutable database to the cloud
21 June 2023, TechCrunch

Immudb: Open-source database, built on a zero trust model
17 December 2021, Help Net Security

ImmuDB and Codenotary: It's a database, but the company isn't
20 December 2021, ZDNet

immudb (immutable database) 'tamper-proof' database - Open Source Insider
14 December 2021, ComputerWeekly.com

Storage news ticker – November 15 – Blocks and Files
15 November 2021, Blocks & Files

provided by Google News

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