DBMS > 4D vs. Apache IoTDB vs. OpenTenBase vs. TimesTen vs. Tkrzw

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache IoTDB vs. OpenTenBase vs. TimesTen vs. Tkrzw

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

An IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and Flink

An enterprise-level distributed HTAP open source database based on PostgreSQL

In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle

A concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.18
Rank	#173	Overall
	#15	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#158	Relational DBMS

Score	1.31
Rank	#163	Overall
	#74	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#60	Key-value stores

Website

www.4d.com

iotdb.apache.org

github.com/OpenTenBase/OpenTenBase
www.opentenbase.org

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

dbmx.net/tkrzw

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

iotdb.apache.org/UserGuide/Master/QuickStart/QuickStart.html

docs.opentenbase.org
docs.opentenbase.org/en

docs.oracle.com/database/timesten-18.1

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation

OpenAtom Foundation, previously Tencent

Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

Mikio Hirabayashi

Initial release

1984

2018

1998

2020

Current release

v20, April 2023

1.1.0, April 2023

2.5, January 2024

11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)

0.9.3, August 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

BSD-3

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)

Linux

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Linux
macOS

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
Native API

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

C
Go
Java
PHP
Python

C
C++
Java
PL/SQL

C++
Java
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

PL/SQL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

selectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicas

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Integration with Hadoop and Spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using specific database classes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

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