DBMS > 4D vs. Apache IoTDB vs. atoti vs. NebulaGraph vs. Oracle NoSQL

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache IoTDB vs. atoti vs. NebulaGraph vs. Oracle NoSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

An IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and Flink

An in-memory DBMS combining transactional and analytical processing to handle the aggregation of ever-changing data.

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

A multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodes

Primary database model

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.18
Rank	#173	Overall
	#15	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.56
Rank	#245	Overall
	#10	Object oriented DBMS

Score	2.14
Rank	#120	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	2.95
Rank	#100	Overall
	#17	Document stores
	#17	Key-value stores
	#50	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

iotdb.apache.org

atoti.io

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

www.oracle.com/database/nosql/technologies/nosql

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

iotdb.apache.org/UserGuide/Master/QuickStart/QuickStart.html

docs.atoti.io

docs.nebula-graph.io

docs.oracle.com/en/database/other-databases/nosql-database/index.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation

ActiveViam

Vesoft Inc.

Oracle

Initial release

1984

2018

2019

2011

Current release

v20, April 2023

1.1.0, April 2023

23.3, December 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

free versions available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Open Source

Proprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)

Linux

Linux
Solaris SPARC/x86

Data scheme

yes

Strong typed schema

Support Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

optional

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language

Multidimensional Expressions (MDX)

SQL-like query language

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
Native API

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Python

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

selectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicas

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

Electable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table feature

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Integration with Hadoop and Spark

with Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

configurable

ACID within a storage node (=shard)

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

off heap cache

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes

Role-based access control

Access rights for users and roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more

Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more

Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more

Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

show all

Recent citations in the news

TsFile: A Standard Format for IoT Time Series Data
27 February 2024, The New Stack

Linux 6.5 With AMD P-State EPP Default Brings Performance & Power Efficiency Benefits For Ryzen Servers
21 September 2023, Phoronix

AMD EPYC 8324P / 8324PN Siena 32-Core Siena Linux Server Performance Review
10 October 2023, Phoronix

Apache Promotes IoT Database Project
25 September 2020, Datanami

IoTDB Provides Data Management for Industrial Edge IT
15 October 2020, The New Stack

provided by Google News

Best use of cloud: ActiveViam
28 November 2023, Risk.net

FRTB product of the year: ActiveViam
28 November 2023, Risk.net

provided by Google News

Celebrating 10,000 GitHub Stars for NebulaGraph
26 March 2024, PR Newswire

Vesoft (NebulaGraph) Recognized in the Gartner® Market Guide for Graph Database Management Systems
15 November 2023, PR Newswire

NebulaGraph reaps from China's growing appetite for graph databases
16 September 2022, TechCrunch

Beginner’s Guide to NebulaGraph Database | by Ng Wai Foong
26 October 2022, Towards Data Science

NebulaGraph Completes Series A to Scale Its Distributed Graph Database
16 September 2022, Datanami

provided by Google News

Enhance enterprise data security and trust: Must see Blockchain Technology sessions at Oracle CloudWorld 2023
21 August 2023, Oracle

We built a geo-distributed, serverless modern app using the Oracle NoSQL Database Cloud Service
18 November 2021, Oracle

Oracle Beefs Up Its NoSQL Database Offering
3 April 2014, Data Center Knowledge

Oracle Defends Relational DBs Against NoSQL Competitors
25 November 2015, eWeek

Larry Ellison Just Embraced the Enemy. Or Did He?
1 October 2012, WIRED

provided by Google News

Share this page