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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache IoTDB vs. HugeGraph vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Percona Server for MySQL

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache IoTDB vs. HugeGraph vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Percona Server for MySQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonHugeGraph  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonPercona Server for MySQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkA fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMSDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerEnhanced drop-in replacement for MySQL based on XtraDB or TokuDB storage engines with improved performance and additional diagnostic and management features.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.18
Rank#173  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#336  Overall
#32  Graph DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score2.03
Rank#122  Overall
#57  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comiotdb.apache.orggithub.com/­hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org
azure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.percona.com/­software/­mysql-database/­percona-server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmlhugegraph.apache.org/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlwww.percona.com/­downloads/­Percona-Server-LATEST
Developer4D, IncApache Software FoundationBaiduMicrosoftPercona
Initial release19842018201820102008
Current releasev20, April 20231.1.0, April 20230.9V128.0.36-28, 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoGPL version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++C and C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)Linux
macOS
Unix
hostedLinux
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoalso supports composite index and range indexyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query languagenoyesyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
Native API
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
Groovy
Java
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesasynchronous Gremlin script jobsTransact SQLyes
Triggersyesyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)yes infodepending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasyes infodepending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBaseyes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
XtraDB Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoIntegration with Hadoop and Sparkvia hugegraph-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoedges in graphyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsyesUsers, roles and permissionsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache IoTDBHugeGraphMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzurePercona Server for MySQL
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