DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. Oracle Coherence vs. SingleStore vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. Oracle Coherence vs. SingleStore vs. TigerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Oracles in-memory data grid solution

MySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type

A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	1.97
Rank	#129	Overall
	#22	Key-value stores

Score	5.38
Rank	#62	Overall
	#35	Relational DBMS

Score	1.80
Rank	#138	Overall
	#13	Graph DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

impala.apache.org

www.oracle.com/java/coherence

www.singlestore.com

www.tigergraph.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

docs.oracle.com/en/middleware/standalone/coherence

docs.singlestore.com

docs.tigergraph.com

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Oracle

SingleStore Inc.

Initial release

1984

2013

2007

2013

2017

Current release

v20, April 2023

4.1.0, June 2022

14.1, August 2023

8.5, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

free developer edition available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities

Implementation language

C++

Java

C++, Go

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

Linux

64 bit version required

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

but no triggers and foreign keys

SQL-like query language (GSQL)

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC

JCache
JPA
RESTful HTTP API

Cluster Management API

as HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC

GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
C++
Java

Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

Triggers

yes

Live Events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

hash partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

selectable replication factor

yes, with selectable consistency level

Source-replica replication

stores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

can define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

configurable

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optionally

yes

All updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

authentification to access the cache via certificates or http basic authentication

Fine grained access control via users, groups and roles

Role-based access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

SingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
» more

Competitive advantages

SingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Driving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
» more

Key customers

IEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
» more

Market metrics

Customers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

F ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
» more

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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Turbocharge Your Application Development Using WebAssembly With SingleStoreDB
17 October 2022, Akmal Chaudhri, SingleStore (sponsor)

Cloud-Based Analytics With SingleStoreDB
9 June 2022, Akmal Chaudhri, SingleStore (sponsor)

SingleStore: The Increasing Momentum of Multi-Model Database Systems
14 February 2022, Akmal Chaudhri, SingleStore (sponsor)

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Recent citations in the news

Apache Impala becomes Top-Level Project
28 November 2017, SDTimes.com

Cloudera Bringing Impala to AWS Cloud
28 November 2017, Datanami

Apache Doris just 'graduated': Why care about this SQL data warehouse
24 June 2022, InfoWorld

Hudi: Uber Engineering’s Incremental Processing Framework on Apache Hadoop
12 March 2017, Uber

Updates & Upserts in Hadoop Ecosystem with Apache Kudu
27 October 2017, KDnuggets

provided by Google News

Create custom Event Compression Policies in Enterprise Manager to reduce event noise
21 September 2023, Oracle

Microservices with Major New Coherence and Helidon Releases
9 August 2022, Oracle

Nike achieves scalability and performance with Oracle Coherence & Exadata
20 December 2012, Oracle

Oracle releases free open source Oracle Coherence community edition
28 June 2020, iTWire

Use your Universal Credits with Oracle WebLogic Server for OKE
15 October 2020, Oracle

provided by Google News

TigerGraph Unveils CoPilot, Version 4.0, and New CEO
30 April 2024, Datanami

How TigerGraph CoPilot enables graph-augmented AI
30 April 2024, InfoWorld

TigerGraph unveils GenAI assistant, introduces new CEO
30 April 2024, TechTarget

TigerGraph Bolsters DB for Enterprise Graph Workloads
1 November 2023, Datanami

Aerospike takes on Neo4j and TigerGraph with launch of graph database
20 June 2023, SiliconANGLE News

provided by Google News

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