DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. dBASE vs. HBase

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. dBASE vs. HBase

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

dBase was one of the first databases with a development environment on PC's. Its latest version dBase V is still sold as dBase classic, which needs a DOS Emulation. The up-to-date product is dBase plus.

Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTable

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Wide column store

Secondary database models

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	10.34
Rank	#44	Overall
	#28	Relational DBMS

Score	30.50
Rank	#26	Overall
	#2	Wide column stores

Website

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

www.dbase.com/support/knowledgebase

hbase.apache.org/book.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Asthon Tate

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Powerset

Initial release

1984

2013

1979

2008

Current release

v20, April 2023

4.1.0, June 2022

dBASE 2019, 2019

2.3.4, January 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Open Source

Apache version 2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

DOS

dBase Classic
Windows

dBase Pro

Linux
Unix
Windows

using Cygwin

Data scheme

yes

schema-free, schema definition possible

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

options to bring your own types, AVRO

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC

none

The IDE can access other DBMS or ODBC-sources.

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

dBase proprietary IDE

C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

The IDE can access stored procedures in other database systems.

yes

Coprocessors in Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

selectable replication factor

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for dBase internal data, but IDE does support transactions when accessing external DBMS

Single row ACID (across millions of columns)

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Access rights for users and roles

Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC

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Recent citations in the news

Apache Impala 4 Supports Operator Multi-Threading
29 July 2021, iProgrammer

Apache Impala becomes Top-Level Project
28 November 2017, SDTimes.com

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14 July 2022, Datanami

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24 June 2022, InfoWorld

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12 March 2017, Uber

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19 September 2013, eWeek

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7 September 2016, Redmondmag.com

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22 September 2021, Help Net Security

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20 October 2023, Irish Mirror

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6 May 2016, InfoWorld

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