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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. Hazelcast vs. Hypertable

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. Hazelcast vs. Hypertable

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonHypertable  Xexclude from comparison
Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.A widely adopted in-memory data gridAn open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as Hadoop
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeKey-value storeWide column store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score5.97
Rank#57  Overall
#6  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comimpala.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orghazelcast.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablehazelcast.org/­imdg/­docs
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerHazelcastHypertable Inc.
Initial release19842013200520082009
Current releasev20, April 20234.1.0, June 20223.3.3, December 20235.3.6, November 20230.9.8.11, March 2016
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoGNU version 3. Commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++ErlangJavaC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows infoan inofficial Windows port is available
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategy
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia viewsyesrestricted infoonly exact value or prefix value scans
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoSQL-like query languageno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIJCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
C++ API
Thrift
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceView functions in JavaScriptyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor Servicesno
Triggersyesnoyesyes infoEventsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0ShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoReplicated Mapselectable replication factor on file system level
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesyesyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnono infoatomic operations within a single document possibleone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitedno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseRole-based access controlno

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache ImpalaCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"HazelcastHypertable
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