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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. Cloudflare Workers KV vs. Heroic vs. LevelDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. Cloudflare Workers KV vs. Heroic vs. LevelDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCloudflare Workers KV  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA global, low-latency, key-value store for applications on Cloudflare with exceptionally high read volumes and low-latency.Time Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeTime Series DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.32
Rank#283  Overall
#40  Key-value stores
Score0.51
Rank#255  Overall
#21  Time Series DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comimpala.apache.orgwww.cloudflare.com/­developer-platform/­workers-kvgithub.com/­spotify/­heroicgithub.com/­google/­leveldb
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldevelopers.cloudflare.com/­kv/­apispotify.github.io/­heroicgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.md
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCloudflareSpotifyGoogle
Initial release19842013201820142011
Current releasev20, April 20234.1.0, June 20221.23, February 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxhostedIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes infovia Elasticsearchno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like DML and DDL statementsnonono
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP REST
Proprietary protocol
HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C++
Dart
JavaScript
Kotlin
Python
Rust
Scala
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenonono
Triggersyesnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factoryesyesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnononono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosno

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache ImpalaCloudflare Workers KVHeroicLevelDB
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