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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TerminusDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataA high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database libraryMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSScalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Key-value storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score1.99
Rank#125  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#325  Overall
#29  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comdruid.apache.orgwww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverterminusdb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designwww.lmdb.tech/­doclearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation and contributorsSymasMicrosoftDataChemist Ltd.
Initial release19842012201119892018
Current releasev20, April 202329.0.1, April 20240.9.32, January 2024SQL Server 2022, November 202211.0.0, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Sourcecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoGPL V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCC++Prolog, Rust
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Linux
Unix
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL for queryingnoyesSQL-like query language (WOQL)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javayes
Triggersyesnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infomanual/auto, time-basednonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationGraph Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesnoneyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionJournaling Streams
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoin-memory journaling
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access control

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache DruidLMDBMicrosoft SQL ServerTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
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