DBMS > 4D vs. AnzoGraph DB vs. dBASE vs. Spark SQL vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. AnzoGraph DB vs. dBASE vs. Spark SQL vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Scalable graph database built for online analytics and data harmonization with MPP scaling, high-performance analytical algorithms and reasoning, and virtualization

dBase was one of the first databases with a development environment on PC's. Its latest version dBase V is still sold as dBase classic, which needs a DOS Emulation. The up-to-date product is dBase plus.

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.23
Rank	#307	Overall
	#24	Graph DBMS
	#13	RDF stores

Score	10.34
Rank	#44	Overall
	#28	Relational DBMS

Score	18.96
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Score	114.32
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

cambridgesemantics.com/anzograph

www.dbase.com

spark.apache.org/sql

www.sqlite.org

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.cambridgesemantics.com/anzograph/userdoc/home.htm

www.dbase.com/support/knowledgebase

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Cambridge Semantics

Asthon Tate

Apache Software Foundation

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Initial release

1984

2018

1979

2014

2000

Current release

v20, April 2023

2.3, January 2021

dBASE 2019, 2019

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

3.45.3 (15 April 2024), April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free trial version available

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Public Domain

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Scala

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

DOS

dBase Classic
Windows

dBase Pro

Linux
OS X
Windows

server-less

Data scheme

yes

Schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

yes

dynamic column types

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SPARQL and SPARQL* as primary query language. Cypher preview.

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

Apache Mule
gRPC
JDBC
Kafka
OData access for BI tools
OpenCypher
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL

none

The IDE can access other DBMS or ODBC-sources.

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C++
Java
Python

dBase proprietary IDE

Java
Python
R
Scala

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and aggregates

The IDE can access stored procedures in other database systems.

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Automatic sharding

none

yes, utilizing Spark Core

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication in MPP-Cluster

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Kerberos/HDFS data loading

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in MPP-Cluster

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not needed in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for dBase internal data, but IDE does support transactions when accessing external DBMS

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

via file-system locks

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users and roles

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