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DBMS > 4D vs. Amazon SimpleDB vs. dBASE vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Amazon SimpleDB vs. dBASE vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAmazon SimpleDB  Xexclude from comparisondBASE  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemHosted simple database service by Amazon, with the data stored in the Amazon Cloud. infoThere is an unrelated product called SimpleDB developed by Edward ScioredBase was one of the first databases with a development environment on PC's. Its latest version dBase V is still sold as dBase classic, which needs a DOS Emulation. The up-to-date product is dBase plus.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.88
Rank#133  Overall
#23  Key-value stores
Score9.70
Rank#44  Overall
#28  Relational DBMS
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score0.18
Rank#332  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websitewww.4d.comaws.amazon.com/­simpledbwww.dbase.comcloud.google.com/­bigtablegithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.aws.amazon.com/­simpledbwww.dbase.com/­support/­knowledgebasecloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docswww.xtdb.com/­docs
Developer4D, IncAmazonAsthon TateGoogleJuxt Ltd.
Initial release19842007197920152019
Current releasev20, April 2023dBASE 2019, 20191.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageClojure
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedDOS infodBase Classic
Windows infodBase Pro
hostedAll OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesnoyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll columns are indexed automaticallyyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nononolimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP APInone infoThe IDE can access other DBMS or ODBC-sources.gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Erlang
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
dBase proprietary IDEC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnono infoThe IDE can access stored procedures in other database systems.nono
Triggersyesnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenone infoSharding must be implemented in the applicationnoneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesnoneInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be specified for read operations
Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoConcurrent data updates can be detected by the applicationno infonot for dBase internal data, but IDE does support transactions when accessing external DBMSAtomic single-row operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users and rolesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAmazon SimpleDBdBASEGoogle Cloud BigtableXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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