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DBMS > 4D vs. Amazon Redshift vs. GraphDB vs. MaxDB vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Amazon Redshift vs. GraphDB vs. MaxDB vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-D  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.A robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutionsIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score17.94
Rank#34  Overall
#21  Relational DBMS
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score2.32
Rank#112  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comaws.amazon.com/­redshiftwww.ontotext.commaxdb.sap.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationmaxdb.sap.com/­documentationdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
Developer4D, IncAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)OntotextSAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release19842012200019841998
Current releasev20, April 202310.4, October 20237.9.10.12, February 202411 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercial infoLimited community edition freecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCJavaC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesrestrictedyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardstored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyesyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions infoin Pythonwell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityyesPL/SQL
Triggersyesnonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemyes infoConstraint checkingyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAmazon RedshiftGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-DTimesTen
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
News

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAmazon RedshiftGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-DTimesTen
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