DBMS > 4D vs. Amazon Redshift vs. Dgraph vs. EJDB vs. PouchDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Amazon Redshift vs. Dgraph vs. EJDB vs. PouchDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Embeddable document-store database library with JSON representation of queries (in MongoDB style)

JavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDB

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	1.53
Rank	#152	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	0.31
Rank	#296	Overall
	#44	Document stores

Score	2.34
Rank	#112	Overall
	#21	Document stores

Website

www.4d.com

aws.amazon.com/redshift

dgraph.io

github.com/Softmotions/ejdb

pouchdb.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

dgraph.io/docs

github.com/Softmotions/ejdb/blob/master/README.md

pouchdb.com/guides

Developer

4D, Inc

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Softmotions

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

1984

2012

2016

2012

Current release

v20, April 2023

7.1.1, June 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

GPLv2

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

JavaScript

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

server-less

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, bool, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

yes

via views

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

in-process shared library

HTTP REST

only for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Actionscript
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lua
Objective-C
Pike
Python
Ruby

JavaScript

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

in Python

View functions in JavaScript

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

yes

none

Sharding

with a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-lounge

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

Synchronous replication via Raft

none

Multi-source replication

also with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication

also with CouchDB databases

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

typically not needed, however similar functionality with collection joins possible

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Read/Write Locking

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backend

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Planned for future releases

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