DBMS > 4D vs. Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. Hive

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. Hive

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	17.94
Rank	#34	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	61.17
Rank	#18	Overall
	#12	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

aws.amazon.com/redshift

impala.apache.org

hive.apache.org

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home

Developer

4D, Inc

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Apache Software Foundation

initially developed by Facebook

Initial release

1984

2012

2013

2012

Current release

v20, April 2023

4.1.0, June 2022

3.1.3, April 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C++
Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

in Python

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

selectable replication factor

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Access rights for users, groups and roles

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