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DBMS > 4D vs. Amazon Neptune vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. OrigoDB vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Amazon Neptune vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. OrigoDB vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Table Storage  Xexclude from comparisonOrigoDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudA Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasetsA fully ACID in-memory object graph databaseWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Wide column storeDocument store
Object oriented DBMS
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score4.48
Rank#75  Overall
#6  Wide column stores
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#53  Document stores
#20  Object oriented DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comaws.amazon.com/­neptuneazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­storage/­tablesorigodb.comwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesorigodb.com/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docs
Developer4D, IncAmazonMicrosoftRobert Friberg et alPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release1984201720122009 infounder the name LiveDB1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current releasev20, April 202316.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen SourceOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageC#C
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedhostedLinux
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesUser defined using .NET types and collectionsyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono infocan be achieved using .NETyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesnonoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nononoyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
OpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
RESTful HTTP API.NET Client API
HTTP API
LINQ
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonoyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyesnonoyes infoDomain Eventsyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning infoclient side managed; servers are not synchronizedpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.yes infoimplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoRelationships in graphsnodepending on modelyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDoptimistic lockingACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyes infoWrite ahead logyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights based on private key authentication or shared access signaturesRole based authorizationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAmazon NeptuneMicrosoft Azure Table StorageOrigoDBPostgreSQL
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