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DBMS > 4D vs. Amazon Neptune vs. LevelDB vs. Quasardb vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Amazon Neptune vs. LevelDB vs. Quasardb vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonQuasardb  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesDistributed, high-performance timeseries databaseA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Key-value storeTime Series DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.20
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score2.33
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.13
Rank#332  Overall
#28  Time Series DBMS
Score4.06
Rank#73  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comaws.amazon.com/­neptunegithub.com/­google/­leveldbquasar.aiwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddoc.quasar.ai/­masterdocs.timescale.com
Developer4D, IncAmazonGooglequasardbTimescale
Initial release19842017201120092017
Current releasev20, April 20231.23, February 20213.14.1, January 20242.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercial infoFree community edition, Non-profit organizations and non-commercial usage are eligible for free licensesOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++C
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes infointeger and binarynumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononoyes
Secondary indexesyesnonoyes infowith tagsyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nonoSQL-like query languageyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
OpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnononouser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersyesnononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenoneSharding infoconsistent hashingyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.noneSource-replica replication with selectable replication factorSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononowith Hadoop integrationno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoRelationships in graphsnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith encyption-at-restyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes infoby using LevelDByes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoTransient modeno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)noCryptographically strong user authentication and audit trailfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAmazon NeptuneLevelDBQuasardbTimescaleDB
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