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DBMS > 4D vs. Amazon DynamoDB vs. Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Amazon DynamoDB vs. Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAmazon DynamoDB  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemHosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloudDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score74.07
Rank#17  Overall
#3  Document stores
#2  Key-value stores
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Websitewww.4d.comaws.amazon.com/­dynamodbwww.datomic.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-db
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.aws.amazon.com/­dynamodbdocs.datomic.comlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-db
Developer4D, IncAmazonCognitectMicrosoft
Initial release1984201220122014
Current releasev20, April 20231.0.6735, June 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree tier for a limited amount of database operationscommercial infolimited edition freecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava, Clojure
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VMhosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infoJSON types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by default
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nonoSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP APIRESTful HTTP APIDocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Clojure
Java
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyes infoTransaction FunctionsJavaScript
Triggersyesyes infoby integration with AWS LambdaBy using transaction functionsJavaScript
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)nowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be specified for read operations
Immediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and regionACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and development
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)noAccess rights can be defined down to the item level

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAmazon DynamoDBDatomicMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB
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