DBMS > 4D vs. Amazon DynamoDB vs. Apache Druid vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Amazon DynamoDB vs. Apache Druid vs. Trino

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Hosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloud

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Key-value store

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	74.45
Rank	#17	Overall
	#3	Document stores
	#2	Key-value stores

Score	3.25
Rank	#90	Overall
	#47	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	4.99
Rank	#65	Overall
	#36	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

druid.apache.org

trino.io

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

trino.io/broadcast
trino.io/docs/current

Social network pages

Developer

4D, Inc

Amazon

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Trino Software Foundation

Initial release

1984

2012

2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL

Current release

v20, April 2023

29.0.1, April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free tier for a limited amount of database operations

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux
OS X
Unix

Linux
macOS

for devlopment

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-less columns are supported

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

depending on connected data-source

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL for querying

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

yes, depending on connected data-source

Triggers

yes

by integration with AWS Lambda

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

depending on connected data-source

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

depending on connected data-source

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

may be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be specified for read operations

Immediate Consistency

depending on connected data-source

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and region

depending on connected data-source

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

depending on connected data-source

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

SQL standard access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Trino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
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Competitive advantages

High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
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Typical application scenarios

Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
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Key customers

Trino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
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Market metrics

33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
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Licensing and pricing models

Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
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News

One busy week to go before Trino Fest 2024
6 June 2024

60: Trino calling AI
22 May 2024

Big names round out the Trino Fest 2024 lineup
8 May 2024

59: Querying Trino with Java and jOOQ
24 April 2024

A sneak peek of Trino Fest 2024
15 April 2024

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