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DBMS > 4D vs. Amazon DocumentDB vs. Apache Impala vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Amazon DocumentDB vs. Apache Impala vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAmazon DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemFast, scalable, highly available, and fully managed MongoDB-compatible database serviceAnalytic DBMS for HadoopWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.91
Rank#132  Overall
#24  Document stores
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comaws.amazon.com/­documentdbimpala.apache.orgwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comaws.amazon.com/­documentdb/­resourcesimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.postgresql.org/­docs
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release1984201920131989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current releasev20, April 20234.1.0, June 202216.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
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Implementation languageC++C
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedLinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
proprietary protocol using JSON (MongoDB compatible)JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyesnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-availability zones for high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicasselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)yes infoquery execution via MapReduceno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesno infotypically not used, however similar functionality with DBRef possiblenoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic single-document operationsnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users and rolesAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAmazon DocumentDBApache ImpalaPostgreSQL
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