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DBMS > 4D vs. Amazon Aurora vs. Geode vs. SingleStore vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Amazon Aurora vs. Geode vs. SingleStore vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAmazon Aurora  Xexclude from comparisonGeode  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemMySQL and PostgreSQL compatible cloud service by AmazonGeode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processesMySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table typeA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score7.57
Rank#51  Overall
#32  Relational DBMS
Score1.86
Rank#134  Overall
#24  Key-value stores
Score5.38
Rank#62  Overall
#35  Relational DBMS
Score0.18
Rank#332  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websitewww.4d.comaws.amazon.com/­rds/­aurorageode.apache.orgwww.singlestore.comgithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.aws.amazon.com/­AmazonRDS/­latest/­AuroraUserGuide/­CHAP_Aurora.htmlgeode.apache.org/­docsdocs.singlestore.comwww.xtdb.com/­docs
Developer4D, IncAmazonOriginally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.SingleStore Inc.Juxt Ltd.
Initial release19842015200220132019
Current releasev20, April 20231.1, February 20178.5, January 20241.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses available as Gemfirecommercial infofree developer edition availableOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities
Implementation languageJavaC++, GoClojure
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VM infothe JDK (8 or later) is also requiredLinux info64 bit version requiredAll OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesSQL-like query language (OQL)yes infobut no triggers and foreign keyslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Cluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesuser defined functionsyesno
Triggersyesyesyes infoCache Event Listenersnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioningShardingSharding infohash partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodesyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculationsno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDyes, on a single nodeACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights per client and object definableFine grained access control via users, groups and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAmazon AuroraGeodeSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQLXTDB infoformerly named Crux
Specific characteristicsSingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
» more
Competitive advantagesSingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
» more
Typical application scenariosDriving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
» more
Key customersIEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
» more
Market metricsCustomers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsF ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
» more

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAmazon AuroraGeodeSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQLXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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