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DBMS > 4D vs. Altibase vs. H2 vs. Immudb vs. NebulaGraph

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Altibase vs. H2 vs. Immudb vs. NebulaGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAltibase  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn enterprise grade, high-performance RDBMSFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.02
Rank#189  Overall
#88  Relational DBMS
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score0.31
Rank#295  Overall
#42  Key-value stores
Score2.23
Rank#116  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comaltibase.comwww.h2database.comgithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
github.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgithub.com/­ALTIBASE/­Documents/­tree/­master/­Manualswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.immudb.iodocs.nebula-graph.io
Developer4D, IncAltibaseThomas MuellerCodenotaryVesoft Inc.
Initial release19841999200520202019
Current releasev20, April 2023v7.3, 2023, August 20232.2.220, July 20231.2.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infoOpen source edition discontinued with March 2023Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaGoC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
All OS with a Java VMBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeStrong typed schema
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92ANSI SQL-92yesSQL-like syntaxSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C++
Java
Java.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesstored procedures and stored functionsJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsnouser defined functions
Triggersyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseCausal Clustering using Raft protocol
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infousing RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAltibaseH2ImmudbNebulaGraph
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAltibaseH2ImmudbNebulaGraph
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