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DBMS > 4D vs. AllegroGraph vs. Oracle Rdb vs. SingleStore vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. AllegroGraph vs. Oracle Rdb vs. SingleStore vs. TiDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAllegroGraph  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Rdb  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemHigh performance, persistent RDF store with additional support for Graph DBMSMySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table typeTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store infowith version 6.5
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.06
Rank#187  Overall
#30  Document stores
#17  Graph DBMS
#7  RDF stores
#7  Vector DBMS
Score1.08
Rank#184  Overall
#85  Relational DBMS
Score5.60
Rank#62  Overall
#35  Relational DBMS
Score4.66
Rank#70  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comallegrograph.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb.htmlwww.singlestore.compingcap.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comfranz.com/­agraph/­support/­documentation/­current/­agraph-introduction.htmlwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb-doc.htmldocs.singlestore.comdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
Developer4D, IncFranz Inc.Oracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)SingleStore Inc.PingCAP, Inc.
Initial release19842004198420132016
Current releasev20, April 20238.0, December 20237.4.1.1, 20218.5, January 20248.0.0, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infoLimited community edition freecommercialcommercial infofree developer edition availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilitiesTiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageC++, GoGo, Rust
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
HP Open VMSLinux info64 bit version requiredLinux
Data schemeyesyes infoRDF schemasFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno infobulk load of XML files possiblenonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SPARQL is used as query languageyesyes infobut no triggers and foreign keysyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
Cluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
Clojure
Java
Lisp
Perl
Python
Ruby
Scala
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoJavaScript or Common Lispyesno
Triggersyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonewith FederationSharding infohash partitioninghorizontal partitioning (by key range)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodesUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculationsyes infowith TiSpark Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnoyes infofull support since version 6.6
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDyes, on a single nodeACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.yes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationFine grained access control via users, groups and rolesFine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAllegroGraphOracle RdbSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQLTiDB
Specific characteristicsKnowledge Graph Platform Leader FedShard - Designed for Entity-Event Knowledge Graph...
» more
SingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
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TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
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Competitive advantagesAllegroGraph is uniquely suited to support adhoc queries through SPARQL, Prolog and...
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SingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
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- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
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Typical application scenariosDriving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
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TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
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Key customersIEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
» more
Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metricsCustomers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
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34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsF ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
» more
TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more
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