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DBMS > 4D vs. AllegroGraph vs. Citus vs. Immudb vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. AllegroGraph vs. Citus vs. Immudb vs. OrientDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAllegroGraph  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemHigh performance, persistent RDF store with additional support for Graph DBMSScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store infowith version 6.5
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMSKey-value storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.06
Rank#187  Overall
#30  Document stores
#17  Graph DBMS
#7  RDF stores
#7  Vector DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score0.24
Rank#305  Overall
#43  Key-value stores
Score3.19
Rank#93  Overall
#16  Document stores
#7  Graph DBMS
#14  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comallegrograph.comwww.citusdata.comgithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
orientdb.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comfranz.com/­agraph/­support/­documentation/­current/­agraph-introduction.htmldocs.citusdata.comdocs.immudb.iowww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
Developer4D, IncFranz Inc.CodenotaryOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP
Initial release19842004201020202010
Current releasev20, April 20238.0, December 20238.1, December 20181.2.3, April 20223.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infoLimited community edition freeOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCGoJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeyesyes infoRDF schemasyesschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno infobulk load of XML files possibleyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SPARQL is used as query languageyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsSQL-like syntaxSQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
Clojure
Java
Lisp
Perl
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoJavaScript or Common Lispuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noJava, Javascript
TriggersyesyesyesnoHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonewith FederationShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnoyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurable
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAllegroGraphCitusImmudbOrientDB
Specific characteristicsKnowledge Graph Platform Leader FedShard - Designed for Entity-Event Knowledge Graph...
» more
Competitive advantagesAllegroGraph is uniquely suited to support adhoc queries through SPARQL, Prolog and...
» more
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