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DBMS > 4D vs. AllegroGraph vs. Apache Cassandra vs. FatDB vs. SingleStore

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. AllegroGraph vs. Apache Cassandra vs. FatDB vs. SingleStore

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAllegroGraph  Xexclude from comparisonApache Cassandra  Xexclude from comparisonFatDB  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparison
FatDB/FatCloud has ceased operations as a company with February 2014. FatDB is discontinued and excluded from the ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemHigh performance, persistent RDF store with additional support for Graph DBMSWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA .NET NoSQL DBMS that can integrate with and extend SQL Server.MySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store infowith version 6.5
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Vector DBMS
Wide column storeDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.84
Rank#204  Overall
#35  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
#7  RDF stores
#10  Vector DBMS
Score98.94
Rank#11  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score4.02
Rank#74  Overall
#39  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comallegrograph.comcassandra.apache.orgwww.singlestore.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comfranz.com/­agraph/­support/­documentation/­current/­agraph-introduction.htmlcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.singlestore.com
Developer4D, IncFranz Inc.Apache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookFatCloudSingleStore Inc.
Initial release19842004200820122013
Current releasev20, April 20238.0, December 20235.0-rc1, July 20248.5, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infoLimited community edition freeOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercial infofree developer edition available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaC#C++, Go
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
WindowsLinux info64 bit version required
Data schemeyesyes infoRDF schemasschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno infobulk load of XML files possiblenono
Secondary indexesyesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SPARQL is used as query languageSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)no infoVia inetgration in SQL Serveryes infobut no triggers and foreign keys
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
.NET Client API
LINQ
RESTful HTTP API
RPC
Windows WCF Bindings
Cluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
Clojure
Java
Lisp
Perl
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoJavaScript or Common Lispnoyes infovia applicationsyes
Triggersyesyesyesyes infovia applicationsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonewith FederationSharding infono "single point of failure"ShardingSharding infohash partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
selectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesyesno infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationAccess rights for users can be defined per objectno infoCan implement custom security layer via applicationsFine grained access control via users, groups and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAllegroGraphApache CassandraFatDBSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsApache Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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