DBMS > 4D vs. Alibaba Cloud TSDB vs. ArcadeDB vs. HugeGraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Alibaba Cloud TSDB vs. ArcadeDB vs. HugeGraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A stable, reliable, and cost-effective online high-performance time series database service

Fast and scalable multi-model DBMS, originally forked from OrientDB but most of the code has been rewritten

A fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMS

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Time Series DBMS

in next version

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.29
Rank	#301	Overall
	#26	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.10
Rank	#358	Overall
	#48	Document stores
	#38	Graph DBMS
	#52	Key-value stores
	#35	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.17
Rank	#335	Overall
	#31	Graph DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.alibabacloud.com/product/hitsdb

arcadedb.com

github.com/hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/time-series-database/latest/what-is-tsdb

docs.arcadedb.com

hugegraph.apache.org/docs

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

Developer

4D, Inc

Alibaba

Arcade Data

Baidu

Microsoft

Initial release

1984

2021

2018

1989

Current release

v20, April 2023

September 2021

0.9

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
macOS
Unix

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Numeric data and Strings

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

also supports composite index and range index

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language, no joins

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

HTTP REST

JDBC
MongoDB API
OpenCypher
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Redis API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
TinkerPop Gremlin

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Java

Groovy
Java
Python

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

asynchronous Gremlin script jobs

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Source-replica replication

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

via hugegraph-spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationship in graphs

yes

edges in graph

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access managed on TSDB instance level

Users, roles and permissions

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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