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DBMS > 4D vs. Alibaba Cloud PolarDB vs. AllegroGraph vs. HyperSQL vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Alibaba Cloud PolarDB vs. AllegroGraph vs. HyperSQL vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAlibaba Cloud PolarDB  Xexclude from comparisonAllegroGraph  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA cloud-native relational database compatible with MySQL, PostgreSQL, and Oracle. Designed for business critical applications.High performance, persistent RDF store with additional support for Graph DBMSMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store infowith version 6.5
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.59
Rank#241  Overall
#110  Relational DBMS
Score1.06
Rank#187  Overall
#30  Document stores
#17  Graph DBMS
#7  RDF stores
#7  Vector DBMS
Score3.49
Rank#87  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.alibabacloud.com/­product/­polardballegrograph.comhsqldb.orggithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.alibabacloud.com/­help/­en/­polardb/­product-overviewfranz.com/­agraph/­support/­documentation/­current/­agraph-introduction.htmlhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmlgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
Developer4D, IncAlibabaFranz Inc.Aurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release1984200420012012
Current releasev20, April 20238.0, December 20232.7.2, June 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial infoLimited community edition freeOpen Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyes infoRDF schemasyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesno infobulk load of XML files possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesSPARQL is used as query languageyesno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Java
Python
C#
Clojure
Java
Lisp
Perl
Python
Ruby
Scala
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesyes infoJavaScript or Common LispJava, SQLyes
Triggersyesyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicewith Federationnoneyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
noneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyesyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAlibaba Cloud PolarDBAllegroGraphHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBTitan
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