DBMS > 4D vs. Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Elasticsearch vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Elasticsearch vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

An online MPP (Massively Parallel Processing) data warehousing service based on Greenplum

A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene

Elasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metric

A high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database library

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.76
Rank	#220	Overall
	#102	Relational DBMS

Score	132.83
Rank	#7	Overall
	#1	Search engines

Score	2.09
Rank	#121	Overall
	#20	Key-value stores

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.alibabacloud.com/product/hybriddb-postgresql

www.elastic.co/elasticsearch

www.symas.com/symas-embedded-database-lmdb

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/analyticdb-for-postgresql/latest/product-introduction-overview

www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/index.html

www.lmdb.tech/doc

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

Developer

4D, Inc

Alibaba / Pivotal Software Inc. / PostgreSQL Global Development Group

Elastic

Symas

Microsoft

Initial release

1984

2016

2010

2011

1989

Current release

v20, April 2023

8.6, January 2023

0.9.32, January 2024

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Elastic License

Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
Unix
Windows

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
Java
Perl
Python
R

.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

none

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes

none

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

ES-Hadoop Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

Memcached and Redis integration

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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