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DBMS > 4D vs. AlaSQL vs. Cubrid vs. Ingres vs. Oracle

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. AlaSQL vs. Cubrid vs. Ingres vs. Oracle

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAlaSQL  Xexclude from comparisonCubrid  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemJavaScript DBMS libraryCUBRID is an open-source SQL-based relational database management system with object extensions for OLTPWell established RDBMSWidely used RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.46
Rank#260  Overall
#40  Document stores
#121  Relational DBMS
Score1.20
Rank#169  Overall
#78  Relational DBMS
Score4.11
Rank#81  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score1236.29
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comalasql.orgcubrid.com (korean)
cubrid.org (english)
www.actian.com/­databases/­ingreswww.oracle.com/­database
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgithub.com/­AlaSQL/­alasqlcubrid.org/­manualsdocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database
Developer4D, IncAndrey Gershun & Mathias R. WulffCUBRID Corporation, CUBRID FoundationActian CorporationOracle
Initial release1984201420081974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s1980
Current releasev20, April 202311.0, January 202111.2, May 202223c, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT-LicenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaScriptC, C++, JavaCC and C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)Linux
Windows
AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columns
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92Close to SQL99, but no user access control, stored procedures and host language bindings.yesyesyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JavaScript APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
JavaScriptC
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoJava Stored ProceduresyesPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possible
Triggersyesyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenonehorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslySharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneSource-replica replicationIngres ReplicatorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono infocan be realized in PL/SQL
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyes infoonly for local storage and DOM-storageACIDACIDACID infoisolation level can be parameterized
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoby using IndexedDB, SQL.JS or proprietary FileStorageyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnonoyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAlaSQLCubridIngresOracle
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