DBMS > 4D vs. AgensGraph vs. Cloudflare Workers KV vs. H2 vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. AgensGraph vs. Cloudflare Workers KV vs. H2 vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Multi-model database supporting relational and graph data models and built upon PostgreSQL

A global, low-latency, key-value store for applications on Cloudflare with exceptionally high read volumes and low-latency.

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.20
Rank	#321	Overall
	#27	Graph DBMS
	#143	Relational DBMS

Score	0.32
Rank	#283	Overall
	#40	Key-value stores

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

bitnine.net/agensgraph

www.cloudflare.com/developer-platform/workers-kv

www.h2database.com

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

bitnine.net/documentation

developers.cloudflare.com/kv/api

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Bitnine Global Inc.

Cloudflare

Thomas Mueller

8Kdata

Initial release

1984

2016

2018

2005

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

2.1, December 2018

2.2.220, July 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache License 2.0

commercial

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

depending on used data model

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

Cypher Query Language
JDBC

HTTP REST
Proprietary protocol

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
Java
JavaScript
Python

C
C++
Dart
JavaScript
Kotlin
Python
Rust
Scala

Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

no, but can be realized using table inheritance

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Source-replica replication

yes

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

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Related products and services

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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