DB-EnginesExtremeDB for everyone with an RTOSEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by solid IT

DBMS > 4D vs. Adabas vs. PostgreSQL vs. Snowflake vs. STSdb

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Adabas vs. PostgreSQL vs. Snowflake vs. STSdb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSnowflake  Xexclude from comparisonSTSdb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLCloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured dataKey-Value Store with special method for indexing infooptimized for high performance using a special indexing method
Primary database modelRelational DBMSMultivalue DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.79
Rank#102  Overall
#2  Multivalue DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score130.36
Rank#8  Overall
#5  Relational DBMS
Score0.10
Rank#357  Overall
#51  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comwww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmlwww.postgresql.orgwww.snowflake.comgithub.com/­STSSoft/­STSdb4
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.snowflake.net/­manuals/­index.html
Developer4D, IncSoftware AGPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSnowflake Computing Inc.STS Soft SC
Initial release198419711989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20142011
Current releasev20, April 202316.3, May 20244.0.8, September 2015
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
  • Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
  • PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageCC#
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
BS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
hostedWindows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes infosupport of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infoprimitive types and user defined types (classes)
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.yes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL Gatewayyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
.NET Client API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Natural.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesin Naturaluser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functionsno
Triggersyesnoyesno infosimilar concept for controling cloud resourcesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas Vistapartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyesnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, with add-on product Event ReplicatorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationno

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services
3rd partiesAiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
» more

Timescale: Calling all PostgreSQL users – the 2023 State of PostgreSQL survey is now open! Share your favorite extensions, preferred frameworks, community experiences, and more. Take the survey today!
» more

Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres: An Enterprise Grade PostgreSQL with the flexibility of a hybrid cloud solution combined with industry leading security, availability and performance.
» more

Redgate webinars: A series of key topics for new PostgreSQL users.
» more

Instaclustr: Fully Hosted & Managed PostgreSQL
» more

pgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring.
» more

Navicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development.
» more

CYBERTEC is your professional partner in PostgreSQL topics for over 20 years. As our main aim is to be your single-source all-in-one IT service provider, we offer a wide range of products and services. Visit our website for more details.
» more

Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and many other database management systems.
» more

SharePlex is the reliable and affordable data replication solution for PostgreSQL migrations, high availability and more.
» more
CData: Connect to Big Data & NoSQL through standard Drivers.
» more

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"PostgreSQLSnowflakeSTSdb
DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

show all

PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023
2 January 2024, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year
3 January 2023, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021
3 January 2022, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year
3 January 2023, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021
3 January 2022, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

Recent citations in the news

Re-evaluating legacy: Should you leave Adabas (and Natural) behind?
30 May 2024, ITWeb

State agency proves DevOps and mainframes can coexist
12 April 2024, SiliconANGLE News

Is it the end of the road for Software AG after selling its integration business to IBM?
12 January 2024, diginomica

IBM buys 50-year-old Software AG's enterprise tech units for €2.13B in cash
18 December 2023, The Register

Michael E. Jakes Obituary (1941 - 2023)
26 October 2023, Legacy.com

provided by Google News

What Microsoft's Open Source PostgreSQL Acquisition Portends for SQL Server
1 June 2024, ITPro Today

How to implement a better like, views, comment counters in PostgreSQL?
28 May 2024, SitePoint

Automatically Generate Types for Your PostgreSQL Database
1 May 2024, The New Stack

Enterprise DB begins rolling AI features into PostgreSQL
23 May 2024, SiliconANGLE News

Introducing OCI Database with PostgreSQL: Completing Our Cloud Database Suite for Every Need
14 November 2023, blogs.oracle.com

provided by Google News

Snowflake denies breach, blames data theft on poorly secured customer accounts
1 June 2024, Help Net Security

Threat actor compromising Snowflake database customers
31 May 2024, TechTarget

Massive Ticketmaster, Santander data breaches linked to Snowflake cloud storage
31 May 2024, The Verge

The Ticketmaster Data Breach May Be Just the Beginning
1 June 2024, WIRED

Snowflake denies miscreants melted its security to steal data from top customers
31 May 2024, The Register

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

Present your product here