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DBMS > 4D vs. Adabas vs. Neo4j vs. STSdb vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Adabas vs. Neo4j vs. STSdb vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonSTSdb  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsKey-Value Store with special method for indexing infooptimized for high performance using a special indexing methodTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelRelational DBMSMultivalue DBMSGraph DBMSKey-value storeGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.17
Rank#94  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score0.04
Rank#360  Overall
#52  Key-value stores
Score0.65
Rank#234  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#107  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmlneo4j.comgithub.com/­STSSoft/­STSdb4typedb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comneo4j.com/­docstypedb.com/­docs
Developer4D, IncSoftware AGNeo4j, Inc.STS Soft SCVaticle
Initial release19841971200720112016
Current releasev20, April 20235.19, April 20244.0.8, September 20152.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoGPLv2, commercial license availableOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJava, ScalaC#Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
BS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
WindowsLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-free and schema-optionalyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infoprimitive types and user defined types (classes)yes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucenenoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL Gatewaynonono
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
.NET Client APIgRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Natural.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
Java
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesin Naturalyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsnono
Triggersyesnoyes infovia event handlernono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas Vistayes using Neo4j FabricnoneSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, with add-on product Event ReplicatorCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlynoneMulti-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphsnono infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)Users, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)noyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"Neo4jSTSdbTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
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TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
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Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
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TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
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Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
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Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
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Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more
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