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DBMS > 4D vs. Adabas vs. Cassandra vs. Kingbase vs. Tibero

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Adabas vs. Cassandra vs. Kingbase vs. Tibero

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonKingbase  Xexclude from comparisonTibero  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessAn enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.A secure RDBMS, designed for easy portability from Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSMultivalue DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.79
Rank#102  Overall
#2  Multivalue DBMS
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score0.50
Rank#257  Overall
#119  Relational DBMS
Score1.59
Rank#148  Overall
#68  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmlcassandra.apache.orgwww.kingbase.com.cnus.tmaxsoft.com/­products/­tibero
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latesttechnet.tmaxsoft.com/­upload/­download/­online/­tibero/­pver-20150504-000002/­index.html
Developer4D, IncSoftware AGApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookBeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.TmaxSoft
Initial release19841971200819992003
Current releasev20, April 20234.1.3, July 2023V8.0, August 20216, April 2015
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaC and JavaC and Assembler
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
BS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL GatewaySQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)Standard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
ADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Tibero CLI
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
NaturalC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Java
Objective-C
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesin Naturalnouser defined functionsPersistent Stored Procedure (PSM)
Triggersyesnoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas VistaSharding infono "single point of failure"horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioninghorizontal partitioning infoby range, hash, list or composite
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, with add-on product Event Replicatorselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono infoplanned for next version
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)Access rights for users can be defined per objectfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard (SQL 92, SQL 99)
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"CassandraKingbaseTibero
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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