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DBMS > Spark SQL vs. Virtuoso vs. Vitess vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison Spark SQL vs. Virtuoso vs. Vitess vs. YugabyteDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparisonVitess  Xexclude from comparisonYugabyteDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphsScalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQLHigh-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score19.15
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score4.20
Rank#83  Overall
#14  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#45  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Score1.04
Rank#191  Overall
#89  Relational DBMS
Score3.11
Rank#99  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Websitespark.apache.org/­sqlvirtuoso.openlinksw.comvitess.iowww.yugabyte.com
Technical documentationspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmldocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuosovitess.io/­docsdocs.yugabyte.com
github.com/­yugabyte/­yugabyte-db
DeveloperApache Software FoundationOpenLink SoftwareThe Linux Foundation, PlanetScaleYugabyte Inc.
Initial release2014199820132017
Current release3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20237.2.11, September 202315.0.2, December 20222.19, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
YugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.
Implementation languageScalaCGoC and C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
Linux
OS X
Data schemeyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
yesdepending on used data model
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLXyes infowith proprietary extensionsyes, PostgreSQL compatible
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL
Supported programming languagesJava
Python
R
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoVirtuoso PLyes infoproprietary syntaxyes infosql, plpgsql, C
Triggersnoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes, utilizing Spark CoreyesShardingHash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Based on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Strong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes infonot for MyISAM storage engineyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACID at shard levelDistributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engineyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infobased on RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Users with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or rolesyes
More information provided by the system vendor
Spark SQLVirtuosoVitessYugabyteDB
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
YugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
PostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Systems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more
Apache 2.0 license for the database
» more

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Spark SQLVirtuosoVitessYugabyteDB
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