DBMS > Spark SQL vs. Tarantool vs. VoltDB vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Spark SQL vs. Tarantool vs. VoltDB vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

In-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applications

Distributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS

Used for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

with Tarantool/GIS extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	18.04
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Score	1.67
Rank	#143	Overall
	#25	Document stores
	#25	Key-value stores
	#65	Relational DBMS

Score	1.47
Rank	#157	Overall
	#73	Relational DBMS

Score	0.18
Rank	#332	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

spark.apache.org/sql

www.tarantool.io

www.voltdb.com

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

www.tarantool.io/en/doc

docs.voltdb.com

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

VoltDB Inc.

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2014

2008

2010

2019

Current release

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

2.10.0, May 2022

11.3, April 2022

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

BSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprise

Open Source

AGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Scala

C and C++

Java, C++

Clojure

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

BSD
Linux
macOS

Linux
OS X

for development

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

Flexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columns

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetime

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

Full-featured ANSI SQL support

yes

only a subset of SQL 99

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

Open binary protocol

Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

Java
Python
R
Scala

C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust

C#
C++
Erlang

not officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Lua, C and SQL stored procedures

Java

Triggers

yes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Sharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Asynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Casual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition

when using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition

when using Raft

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

FOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactions

ACID

Transactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, cooperative multitasking

yes

Data access is serialized by the server

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, write ahead logging

yes

Snapshots and command logging

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence

User concepts

Access control

Access Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles

Users and roles with access to stored procedures

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

Data processing speed and reliability: in-memory synchronous replication
9 November 2021, Vladimir Perepelytsya, Tarantool (sponsor)

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