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DBMS > PostgreSQL vs. Prometheus vs. QuestDB vs. StarRocks

System Properties Comparison PostgreSQL vs. Prometheus vs. QuestDB vs. StarRocks

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NamePostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonPrometheus  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonStarRocks  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLOpen-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring systemA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataAn open source, high-performance columnar analytical database that enables real-time, multi-dimensional, and highly concurrent data analytics infoForked from Apache Doris
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score8.42
Rank#47  Overall
#2  Time Series DBMS
Score2.52
Rank#109  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Score1.04
Rank#189  Overall
#88  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.postgresql.orgprometheus.ioquestdb.iowww.starrocks.io
Technical documentationwww.postgresql.org/­docsprometheus.io/­docsquestdb.io/­docsdocs.starrocks.io/­en-us/­latest/­introduction/­StarRocks_intro
DeveloperPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerQuestDB Technology IncThe Linux Foundation infosince Feb 2023
Initial release1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL201520142020
Current release16.3, May 20242.5.3, March 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
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Implementation languageCGoJava (Zero-GC), C++, RustC++, Java
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesNumeric data onlyyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no infoImport of XML data possiblenono
Secondary indexesyesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoSQL with time-series extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIHTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
JDBC
MySQL protocol
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nonouser defined functions
Triggersyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashShardinghorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)horizontal partitioning (by range and hash)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes infoby FederationSource-replica replication with eventual consistency
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID for single-table writesno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infothrough memory mapped filesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoRole based access control and fine grained access rights
More information provided by the system vendor
PostgreSQLPrometheusQuestDBStarRocks
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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3rd partiesAiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
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Navicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development.
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Instaclustr: Fully Hosted & Managed PostgreSQL
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Redgate webinars: A series of key topics for new PostgreSQL users.
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CYBERTEC is your professional partner in PostgreSQL topics for over 20 years. As our main aim is to be your single-source all-in-one IT service provider, we offer a wide range of products and services. Visit our website for more details.
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pgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring.
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Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and many other database management systems.
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Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres: An Enterprise Grade PostgreSQL with the flexibility of a hybrid cloud solution combined with industry leading security, availability and performance.
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SharePlex is the reliable and affordable data replication solution for PostgreSQL migrations, high availability and more.
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Timescale: Calling all PostgreSQL users – the 2023 State of PostgreSQL survey is now open! Share your favorite extensions, preferred frameworks, community experiences, and more. Take the survey today!
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We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
PostgreSQLPrometheusQuestDBStarRocks
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