DBMS > Oracle Rdb vs. PostgreSQL vs. RDF4J vs. Valentina Server vs. VelocityDB

System Properties Comparison Oracle Rdb vs. PostgreSQL vs. RDF4J vs. Valentina Server vs. VelocityDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Widely used open source RDBMS

Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Object-relational database and reports server

A .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.

RDF store

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

with pgvector extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.02
Rank	#180	Overall
	#82	Relational DBMS

Score	654.34
Rank	#4	Overall
	#4	Relational DBMS

Score	0.82
Rank	#208	Overall
	#7	RDF stores

Score	0.16
Rank	#319	Overall
	#144	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#386	Overall
	#40	Graph DBMS
	#20	Object oriented DBMS

Website

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/rdb.html

Technical documentation

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/rdb-doc.html

www.postgresql.org/docs

rdf4j.org/documentation

valentina-db.com/docs/dokuwiki/v5/doku.php

velocitydb.com/UserGuide

Developer

Oracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)

PostgreSQL Global Development Group

www.postgresql.org/developer

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Paradigma Software

VelocityDB Inc

Initial release

1984

1989

1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL

2004

1999

2011

Current release

7.4.1.1, 2021

16.4, August 2024

5.7.5

7.x

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

HP Open VMS

FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Any that supports .NET

Data scheme

Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard with numerous extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

ODBC

.Net

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java

JDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Java
PHP
Python

.Net
C
C#
C++
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
Visual Basic
Visual Basic.NET

.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

yes

Triggers

yes

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes, on a single node

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Based on Windows Authentication

More information provided by the system vendor

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3rd parties

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