DBMS > mSQL vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. Stardog vs. Weaviate vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison mSQL vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. Stardog vs. Weaviate vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

mSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMS

A multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodes

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

An AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Vector DBMS

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.27
Rank	#167	Overall
	#77	Relational DBMS

Score	2.95
Rank	#100	Overall
	#17	Document stores
	#17	Key-value stores
	#50	Relational DBMS

Score	2.02
Rank	#123	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Score	1.73
Rank	#143	Overall
	#5	Vector DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

hughestech.com.au/products/msql

www.oracle.com/database/nosql/technologies/nosql

www.stardog.com

github.com/weaviate/weaviate
weaviate.io

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

docs.oracle.com/en/database/other-databases/nosql-database/index.html

docs.stardog.com

weaviate.io/developers/weaviate

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Hughes Technologies

Oracle

Stardog-Union

Weaviate B.V.

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

1994

2011

2010

2019

Current release

4.4, October 2021

23.3, December 2023

7.3.0, May 2020

1.19, May 2023

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free licenses can be provided

Open Source

Proprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

Open Source

commercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Clojure

Server operating systems

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Linux
Solaris SPARC/x86

Linux
macOS
Windows

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

Support Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

yes, maps to GraphQL interface

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

optional

yes

string, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

yes

all data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

no subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggers

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

GraphQL is used as query language

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl

C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

JavaScript / TypeScript
Python

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

Triggers

yes

via event handlers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Electable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table feature

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

yes

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

depending on configuration

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

configurable

ACID within a storage node (=shard)

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

off heap cache

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles

API Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
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Competitive advantages

Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
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Typical application scenarios

As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
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Key customers

All companies that have data.
» more

Market metrics

As of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
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Licensing and pricing models

Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources

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2 February 2021, Etienne Dilocker, SeMI Technologies (sponsor)

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