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DBMS > Neo4j vs. RDF4J vs. Tibero vs. Vertica vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Neo4j vs. RDF4J vs. Tibero vs. Vertica vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonTibero  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.A secure RDBMS, designed for easy portability from OracleCloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelGraph DBMSRDF storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoColumn orientedDocument store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score1.78
Rank#140  Overall
#64  Relational DBMS
Score10.68
Rank#43  Overall
#27  Relational DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#343  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websiteneo4j.comrdf4j.orgus.tmaxsoft.com/­products/­tiberowww.vertica.comgithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationneo4j.com/­docsrdf4j.org/­documentationtechnet.tmaxsoft.com/­upload/­download/­online/­tibero/­pver-20150504-000002/­index.htmlvertica.com/­documentationwww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperNeo4j, Inc.Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.TmaxSoftOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett PackardJuxt Ltd.
Initial release20072004200320052019
Current release5.20, May 20246, April 201512.0.3, January 20231.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.commercialcommercial infoLimited community edition freeOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containersno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJava, ScalaJavaC and AssemblerC++Clojure
Server operating systemsLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
LinuxAll OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeschema-free and schema-optionalyes infoRDF SchemasyesYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache LuceneyesyesNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.yes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyesFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsBolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Tibero CLI
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languages.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java
PHP
Python
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Java
Objective-C
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoUser defined Procedures and FunctionsyesPersistent Stored Procedure (PSM)yes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differencesno
Triggersyes infovia event handleryesyesyes, called Custom Alertsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes using Neo4j Fabricnonehorizontal partitioning infoby range, hash, list or compositehorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlynoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.yes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono infoBi-directional Spark integrationno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no infoplanned for next versionno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard (SQL 92, SQL 99)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
Neo4jRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameTiberoVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™XTDB infoformerly named Crux
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Deploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
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Fast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Communication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Abiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
Cost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
» more
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