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DBMS > Neo4j vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison Neo4j vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. SurrealDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsWidely used in-process key-value storeA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelGraph DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Document store
Graph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score47.91
Rank#20  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score1.72
Rank#131  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score1.08
Rank#176  Overall
#30  Document stores
#16  Graph DBMS
Websiteneo4j.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlsurrealdb.com
Technical documentationneo4j.com/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmlsurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperNeo4j, Inc.Oracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleSurrealDB Ltd
Initial release200719942022
Current release5.23, August 202418.1.40, May 2020v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infocommercial license availableOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava, ScalaC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)Rust
Server operating systemsLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-free and schema-optionalschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML edition
Secondary indexesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsBolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languages.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsno
Triggersyes infovia event handleryes infoonly for the SQL API
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes using Neo4j Fabricnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlySource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)noyes, based on authentication and database rules
More information provided by the system vendor
Neo4jOracle Berkeley DBSurrealDB
News

This Week in Neo4j: NODES, Knowledge Graph, Graph Analytics, MCP and more
10 May 2025

Aura Graph Analytics: A Technical Deep Dive
7 May 2025

Introducing Neo4j Aura Graph Analytics: Scalable, Easy-to-Deploy Graph Analytics for Any Data Source
7 May 2025

Agentic GraphRAG for Commercial Contracts
5 May 2025

Simplify Modern Application Development With GraphQL on Neo4j AuraDB
30 April 2025

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More resources
Neo4jOracle Berkeley DBSurrealDB
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2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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22 December 2015, Emil Eifrem (guest author)

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