DBMS > mSQL vs. NebulaGraph vs. OpenSearch vs. TDSQL for MySQL vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison mSQL vs. NebulaGraph vs. OpenSearch vs. TDSQL for MySQL vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

mSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMS

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

A distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache Lucene

A high-performance distributed database management system with features such as automatic sharding, intelligent operation and maintenance, elastic scalability without downtime, and enterprise-grade security. It is highly compatible with MySQL.

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.27
Rank	#167	Overall
	#77	Relational DBMS

Score	2.14
Rank	#120	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	16.36
Rank	#37	Overall
	#4	Search engines

Score	0.85
Rank	#205	Overall
	#95	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

hughestech.com.au/products/msql

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

github.com/opensearch-project
opensearch.org

www.tencentcloud.com/products/dcdb

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

docs.nebula-graph.io

opensearch.org/docs/latest

www.tencentcloud.com/document/product/1042

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Hughes Technologies

Vesoft Inc.

Amazon Web Services

Tencent

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

1994

2019

2021

2013

2019

Current release

4.4, October 2021

2.5.0, January 2023

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free licenses can be provided

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Aiven for OpenSearch: Fully managed open source search and analytics suite. Out-of-the-box integrations get you up and running in a couple of clicks.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Clojure

Server operating systems

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

Strong typed schema

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

no subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggers

SQL-like query language

yes

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Elasticsearch client

C
C#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

yes

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Automatic sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Role-based access control

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
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OpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,...
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Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
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Distributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch...
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Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
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The OpenSearch platform is used across a broad range of search , analytics, and observability...
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Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
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Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
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Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
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The OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License...
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