DBMS > mSQL vs. NebulaGraph vs. OpenSearch vs. OrigoDB vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison mSQL vs. NebulaGraph vs. OpenSearch vs. OrigoDB vs. Weaviate

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

mSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMS

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

A distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache Lucene

A fully ACID in-memory object graph database

An AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Search engine

Document store
Object oriented DBMS

Vector DBMS

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.27
Rank	#167	Overall
	#77	Relational DBMS

Score	2.14
Rank	#120	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	16.36
Rank	#37	Overall
	#4	Search engines

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#53	Document stores
	#20	Object oriented DBMS

Score	1.73
Rank	#143	Overall
	#5	Vector DBMS

Website

hughestech.com.au/products/msql

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

github.com/opensearch-project
opensearch.org

origodb.com

github.com/weaviate/weaviate
weaviate.io

Technical documentation

docs.nebula-graph.io

opensearch.org/docs/latest

origodb.com/docs

weaviate.io/developers/weaviate

Developer

Hughes Technologies

Vesoft Inc.

Amazon Web Services

Robert Friberg et al

Weaviate B.V.

Initial release

1994

2019

2021

2009

under the name LiveDB

2019

Current release

4.4, October 2021

2.5.0, January 2023

1.19, May 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free licenses can be provided

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

commercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Aiven for OpenSearch: Fully managed open source search and analytics suite. Out-of-the-box integrations get you up and running in a couple of clicks.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Strong typed schema

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

yes

yes, maps to GraphQL interface

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

User defined using .NET types and collections

yes

string, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

can be achieved using .NET

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

all data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

no subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggers

SQL-like query language

GraphQL is used as query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

.NET Client API
HTTP API
LINQ

GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Elasticsearch client

.Net

JavaScript / TypeScript
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

yes

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

yes

Domain Events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

client side managed; servers are not synchronized

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

yes

Source-replica replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

depending on model

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

Write ahead log

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Role-based access control

Role based authorization

API Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
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OpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,...
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Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
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Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
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Distributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch...
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Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
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Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
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The OpenSearch platform is used across a broad range of search , analytics, and observability...
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As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
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Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
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All companies that have data.
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Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
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As of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
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Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
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The OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License...
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Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.