DBMS > MySQL vs. TiDB vs. Trino vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison MySQL vs. TiDB vs. Trino vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Widely used open source RDBMS

TiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.

Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Document store

Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1083.74
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	4.66
Rank	#70	Overall
	#38	Relational DBMS

Score	5.00
Rank	#66	Overall
	#36	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

www.mysql.com

pingcap.com

trino.io

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

dev.mysql.com/doc

docs.pingcap.com/tidb/stable

trino.io/broadcast
trino.io/docs/current

www.xtdb.com/docs

Social network pages

Developer

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

PingCAP, Inc.

Trino Software Foundation

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

1995

2016

2012

2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL

2019

Current release

8.4.0, April 2024

8.0.0, March 2024

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Aiven for MySQL: Fully managed MySQL, deployable in the cloud of your choice, with seamless integrations and lightning-fast setup.

TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.

Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.

Implementation language

C and C++

Go, Rust

Java

Clojure

Server operating systems

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux

Linux
macOS

for devlopment

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

depending on connected data-source

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

proprietary syntax

yes, depending on connected data-source

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

depending on connected data-source

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

depending on connected data-source

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

with TiSpark Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

depending on connected data-source

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes

full support since version 6.6

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

depending on connected data-source

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

depending on connected data-source

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

Fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

SQL standard access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more

Trino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
» more

Competitive advantages

- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more

High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
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Typical application scenarios

TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more

Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
» more

Key customers

Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more

Trino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
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Market metrics

34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more

33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
» more

News

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8 May 2024

59: Querying Trino with Java and jOOQ
24 April 2024

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15 April 2024

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11 April 2024

58: Understanding your users with Trino and Mitzu
4 April 2024

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.