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DBMS > MySQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. Prometheus vs. SQL.JS vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison MySQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. Prometheus vs. SQL.JS vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMySQL  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonPrometheus  Xexclude from comparisonSQL.JS  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWidely used open source RDBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLOpen-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring systemPort of SQLite to JavaScriptIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infoKey/Value like access via memcached APIRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1061.34
Rank#2  Overall
#2  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score7.69
Rank#50  Overall
#3  Time Series DBMS
Score0.63
Rank#241  Overall
#112  Relational DBMS
Score1.36
Rank#161  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.mysql.comwww.postgresql.orgprometheus.iosql.js.orgwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdev.mysql.com/­docwww.postgresql.org/­docsprometheus.io/­docssql.js.org/­documentation/­index.htmldocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperOracle infosince 2010, originally MySQL AB, then SunPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerAlon Zakai infoenhancements implemented by othersOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release19951989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL201520121998
Current release8.4.0, April 202416.3, May 202411 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoGPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Sourcecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for MySQL: Fully managed MySQL, deployable in the cloud of your choice, with seamless integrations and lightning-fast setup.
  • Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
  • PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageC and C++CGoJavaScript
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesNumeric data onlyyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no infoImport of XML data possiblenono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infowith proprietary extensionsyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supportedyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIJavaScript APIJDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesAda
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby
JavaScriptC
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoproprietary syntaxuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nonoPL/SQL
Triggersyesyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabricpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes infoby FederationnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynonenoneImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infonot for MyISAM storage engineyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infonot for MyISAM storage engineACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engineyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesno infoexcept by serializing a db to a fileyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnonofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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Related products and services
3rd partiesNavicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for MySQL and many other database management systems.
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CData: Connect to Big Data & NoSQL through standard Drivers.
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Navicat for MySQL is the ideal solution for MySQL/MariaDB administration and development.
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Aiven for MySQL: Fully managed MySQL, deployable in the cloud of your choice, with seamless integrations and lightning-fast setup.
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Timescale: Calling all PostgreSQL users – the 2023 State of PostgreSQL survey is now open! Share your favorite extensions, preferred frameworks, community experiences, and more. Take the survey today!
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SharePlex is the reliable and affordable data replication solution for PostgreSQL migrations, high availability and more.
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Redgate webinars: A series of key topics for new PostgreSQL users.
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Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
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Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and many other database management systems.
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Instaclustr: Fully Hosted & Managed PostgreSQL
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Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres: An Enterprise Grade PostgreSQL with the flexibility of a hybrid cloud solution combined with industry leading security, availability and performance.
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pgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring.
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CYBERTEC is your professional partner in PostgreSQL topics for over 20 years. As our main aim is to be your single-source all-in-one IT service provider, we offer a wide range of products and services. Visit our website for more details.
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Navicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development.
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We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

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